A cobporation



2 Sheets-Sheet l W. A. COOK SAND REEL Filed Dec. 27, 1927 April 2, 1929.

INVENTOR. William ljflook W W a; I

1,215 ATTORNEYS.

W. A. CO OK April 2, 1929.

momzw SAND REEL Filed Dec. 27, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet I INVENTOR. 1am fl. (1 ook WU I ATTORNEYS Patented Apr. 2, 1929.,

UNITE srs time WILLIAM A. COOK, OF MARION, INDIANA, ASSIGNOR T0 MARION MACHINE, FOUNDRY & SUPPLY COMPANY, OF MARION, INDIANA, A CORPORATION.

SAND REEL.

Application filed December 27, 1927.

The object of this invention is to improve the control of clutch and brake niechanlsms for )ower transmission a3 aratus and articularly of sand reel apparatus for oil wells and the like.

The-invention is more particularly adapted for. use in chain-driven sand reels of sub stantially the same character as that shown in my Patent. No. 1,607,871, patented November 2'3, 1926. In the particular form of sand reel apparatus for which this invention is particularly devised, there is a clutch for driving and releasing the drum on which is wound or unwound the cable running to the derrick of the oil well for carrying the bailer and the like in operating oil wells. There also has been provided what may be called a standard brake which is controlled by the same means as controls the clutch and usually from lever mechanism located near the derrick. This control has been such as to enable the sand reel to draw the bailer or other means out of the oil well, and during such time the clutch is engaged and when the bailer, or the like is returned-or descends into the well,

the clutch is released to permit such descent and the brake is brought into operation for controlling such descent. The control mechanism therefore releases the brake after the clutch has been operated and after the clutch has been released to let the bailer down the brake is put in operation, the clutch and brake thus being controlled by the same means and the brake operating more or less automatically in relation to the action of the clutch.

It is frequent for said brake to get too hot, especially in letting down the bailer in a very deep hole, say more than 3,000 feet, and it is also frequent for something to happen to said brake or brake surface whereby it fails to operate properly or the bailer to descend sufficiently slowly, and the. bailer in deep wells is liable to get away and run at a dangerous speed and do damage to the well or the mechanism.

The chief feature of this invention consists in the means provided for preventing the Serial No. 242,940.

by hand from, the derrick or by automatic means as herein disclosed, or both. If the standard brake of the sand reel fails to hold, or something is broken, or the connection between the derrick fioor and the sand reel is broken, or the sand reel starts to run away at high speed, the emergency brake mechanism may be applied, either by hand or automatically, as herein set forth, and control the operation of the sand reel to keep it from running away and to render it safe and uniform in operation, as hereinafter will more fully appear.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a view, partly in side elevation, and partly in central vertical section, of a sand reel provided with a standard brake and an emergency brake as contemplated in this invention. Fig. 2 is a View partly in cross section of parts of the sand reel on line 22 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a view in vertical cross section of the sand reel on line 33 of Fig. 1, showing an emergency brake adapted to be operated by hand from the derrick floor. Fig. 4 shows a modified form of emergency brake, the older parts being indicated by dotted lines and corresponding with what is shown in Fig. 8, and the novel features being indicated by full lines. Fig. 5 is a central vertical section through a portion of what is shown in Fig. 4, parts being broken away.

The sand reel herein shown has for its object the operation of a cable, not shown, for

driving mechanism mounted in the rig iron not shown. The particular sandreel shown is called a chain-driven sand reel. The shaft 11 is mounted at each end in suitable bearings 1 3 and 14 mounted on stands 15 and 16 extending up from a base frame 17, as shown in F ig. 1.

The sprocket wheel 12 is controlled by a clutch mechanism which may be of any desired form, but that shown herein consists of a hub member 18 which is bolted to the sprocket wheel 12 and it is rotatably mounted on the shaft 11 by taper roller bearings 19, and said clutch member 18 has laterally extending jaws 20. The remainder of the clutch is of a disk construction, there being a friction disk 21 having a hub keyed on the shaft 11 sothat when the clutch is in operation itwill rotate the shaft. This friction disk construction includes an intermediate floating disk 22 and a friction disk faced pressure plate 23. The latter is connected to toggle levers 24, 25 and 2G, and the latter toggle levers are pivoted to the sleeve 27 on shaft 11, having a collar 28 thereon that is operated by the shifting lever 31. The toggle lever 25 is fulcrumed on a nut 29 that screws and is adjustable on the dreaded sleeve 30, located on the hub of the friction disk 21.

The clutch is operated and controlled by the lever 31 which is fulcrumed between its ends by a pin 32 on a post and actuated by a connecting bar or link 34 which operated by a cam 35 that is driven by a cam 56 through an intermediate connection, and cam 36 is driven by a rod leading to the derrick .where it is operated by means not shown herein.

There is what may be termed a standard brakewhich is controlled by the same means. rodf37, which controls the clutch. It coir sists of a drunietO, keyed to the shaftand as on it a brake band 41. One end of the brake band is supported on the brake support e3,

extending up from the base 17 of the ma chine, as seen in Fig.2, by means of bracket 44 secured to the brake band and pivotally connected with one arm of a bell cran le er 45 that is fulcrumed to the pin c'- led in the bearing {i7 at the upper end of C e sup-- port 43. I The other end of the brak band has a bracket 48 that is adjus on the screw rod 4-9 connected with saio ing1 i7 soas to be adjustable thereon. brake band is tightened by movement of rod 50 in the direction of the arrow shown in Fig.2 by the cam 36 and the lever operated rod 37.

The particular construction of the foregoingmechanism not essential to this invention as the connection may be made in anymanner such that the movement of the hand operated rod 37, by a haml lever nea the derrick, not shown, in one direction wi. draw the clutch above described into o tiers and immediately afterwards role brake, and when in the opposite direction will release the clutch and t r set the "brake. Therefore the operation the brake is automatic in its relation to the clutch it is operated by the clutch operating means.

In operation, the driving means including the sprocket wheel 12 and clutch member 18 may be in continuous operation and when it is desired to wind up the cable, as when lifting a bailer from the bottom of the well, the hand operated rod 37 is moved so as to cause the lever 34 in Fig. 1 to be moved to the right, and thus operate the friction clutch and transmit power to the shaft 11 and drum 10.-

l Vhilo the drum is operating and the bailer is being elevated from the bottom of the well, the brake is loose and running idle. When it is desired for the bailer to descend into the well the clutch is released by an opposite movement of rod 37 and the brake is tightened so as to control and limit the speed of the bailer as it goes down into the well.

At the opposite end of the drum 10 from the end ad acent to which the standard nccted to the brake support by the links 66. The other end of the brake band has a bracket 67 secured to it and it is adjustably same, as seen in 3, and at one end i is held. by a bracket 64 that is con-.

mounted on the rod (38 and is connected with r a bell crank lever 69, one end of which is pivoted to the links 66 and the other endis conuec'ted by a link 70 which extends to an arm 71 Secured on a brake shaft 72, see Fig. 1, which has at its other end an arm 73 which is connected to a rod 74 that extends to the control mechanism located usually near the derrick and which is not shown.

lVhen the shaft 72 is operated so as to move the arm 71 in the direction of the arrow shown in F 3, the brake will. be tightened and when movedv in the opposite direction the brake will be idle. of emergency brake and is particularly usefulin operatingdeep wells, as for instance in letting down the bailer.

in fact a dangerous speed, even with the resistance of the standard brake40. If this his is a simple form In deep wellsv the baner acquires by and by a great speed and.

have obtained a relatively great depth, the combination in the sand reel of the emergency brake has proven to be one of great value. If the standard brake on the sand reel fails to hold, or something is broken about it, or the connecting lever between the derrick floor and sand reel is broken, and the sand reel starts to run away at high speed, the emergency brake will save the situation and it has been desirable frequently to operate it s1multancously with the standard brake, especially in deep wells. 7

A modified and improved form of emer gency brake. for sand reels is shown in liigs. 4 and 5. In Fig. 4 the parts indicated in Fig. 3 are reproduced by dotted lines and the added parts by full lines, excepting that shaft 11 is in full linesin Fig- 4. v

A. piston rod 1 5 is slidably mounted in a bearing 76 and a cylinder 7'2. The cylinder 77 is mounted on a bracket '4' 8 secured to the end'of th'ebase frame 17 and having an arm 79 to which the lower end of a hand lever 80 is pivoted. The hand lever between its ends is pivoted to the outer end of the piston rod 75. The inner end of said piston rod is longitudinally slotted at 81, and has extending through it. a pin 82 which is fastened in the lever plate 69. V hen the handle 80 is moved to the left the lever 69 is similarly moved and through the rod 68 the brake is released. In that released condition of the brake it may be held by the latch 83 catching on the collar 84 and holding it in the position shown in Fig. 4. The latch 83 is mounted on a bracket 85 which is fastened to the base of the machine. This brake thus held in released or idle condition is thrown intooperation automatically by the following speed control means.

On the shaft 11 there is secured a plate 86 having thereon oppositely extending arms to which links 87 are pivoted and they in turn are pivoted to the weight levers 88 that are in the form of bars pivoted at their extreme ends at 89 to the side of the brake drum or construction which revolves with the shaft 11. The outer end of each weight bar 88 is yieldingly held inward by spring 90 which is connected therewith and extends to and is connected with the. opposite bar 88 near its pivot point. On the free end of each bar 88 there is a weight 91. I

The brake drum has at two opposite points fingers or guide plates 98 which hold and guide a radially extending cam 94 which is connected by a linlr 95 with the w ightarm 88.

The cams 94 are held normally in a position which will enable them as they revolve to miss the latch or trip 83, but when the speed becomes relatively great, or too great, the weights 91 will swing the bars 88 outward somewhat and thus push the cams 94 outward far enough to cause them to engage the latch 83 and release thecollar 84 and piston rod 7 5, and when that rod is released it is pushed to ill the right from the position shown in Fig. 4 by a spring 96in the cylinders 77, as seen in Fig. 5, until the brake is tightened and acts as a resistance to the speed of the drum and the shaft so as to reduce the speed thereof and possibly stop it. 7

The cylinder 77 is provided in order to control and slow up the action of the piston rod 7 5 in operating the brake. It is not desirable that the brake should be set suddenly for that vould endanger the machinery, but this mechanism enables the brake to slowly get into action. To that end rod 75 has a piston 97 on it in the cylinder and on one side of that cylinder there is a spring 96 and there is a by-pass 98 connecting the two ends of the cylinder and having between its ends a control valve 99. The cylinder is filled with oil.

When the piston rod 7 5 is pulled back by lever 80 until latch 83 hooks over collar 84, the brake is in released condition. This movement of the piston rod 75 compresses spring 96 in the left hand end of the cylinder and the oil in the cylinder to the left of the piston is forced through the bypass into the end of the cylinder nearest the sand rec. The by-pass valve 99 is regulated to let through a given amount of oil in a given time and this controls the speed of action of the piston rod 75.

The speed of the sand reel is set or controlled largely by the governor springs 90. When the speed overcomes the resistance of those springs and the cams 94 are moved out- Ward the latch 83 will be released and then the spring 96 will force the piston 97 in the cylinder 7 7 from the left hand end of the ex:- treme right hand end of the cylinder and that will gradually and increasingly tighten the brake. The speed of applying this brake will be controlled by the oil passing through the by-pass 98 of the cylinder 77. This will let the brake gradually be applied for reducing the speed of the drum and movement of the bailer until they may be brought to a standstill.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a sand reel, the combination of the drum, a clutch for driving said drum, means for operating the clutch, a clutch controlled brake for the drum operated by the means for operating the clutch, and an emergency brake for the drum operative independently of the clutch and clutch controlled brake.

2. In a sand reel, the combination of the drum shaft, a clutch for driving the said shaft, a brake for said shaft, a single means for controlling both the clutch and said brake arranged to release said brake when the clutch is operated, and to operate the brake when the clutch is released, and an emer gency brake for the drum shaft operative independently of the clutch and said other brake.

3. In a sand reel, the combination of the drum, a clutch for driving said drum, a clutch controlled brake for said drum, an emergency brake for the drum, and means controlled by the speed of the drum for cans-- ing the operation of the emergency brake.

4. In a sand reel, the combination of a drum shaft, a clutch for driving said shaft, a clutch controlled brake for said shaft, an emergency-brake for the shaft, centl'ifugally acting means secured on the drum shaft, and means controlled by said centrifugally acting means for causing the operation of said emergency brake.

5. A sand reel mechanism substantially as set forth in claim 4, and means for controlling the speed of the action of said emergency brake operating means.

In a sand reel, the combination of a drum shaft, a clutch for driving said shaft, a clutch controlled brake for said shaft, an emergency brake for the shaft, means for yieldingly causing the operation of said en'iergency brake, releasable means for holding said brake operating means from opera tion, and centrifugally acting means mounted on the drum shaft adapted to engage and releasesaid holding means when the speed of the drum shaft becomes excessive;

7. In a sand reel, the combination of a drum shaft, a clutch for driving said shaft, a clutch controlled brake for said shaft, an emergency brake for the shaft, a spring actuated rod for operating said emergency" brake, releasable means for holding said rod in position to render the en'iergenoybrake inoperative, and centrifugally acting means mounted on the drum shaft for releasing said" holding means and thus permitting the operation of the emergency brake.

S. A sand reel mechanism substantially as set forth in claim 7, an oil containing cylinder through which. said rod operates, a p ston in said cylinder secured on said rod, a spring in said cylinder acting between'one end thereof and said" piston for moving the rod so as to cause operation of the emergency -brake, and a by-pass connecting the ends of the cylinder. I

In Witness whereof, I have hereunto aflixed my signature.

WILLIAM A. COOK. 

